NestedScrollView class Null safety

A scrolling view inside of which can be nested other scrolling views, with their scroll positions being intrinsically linked.

The most common use case for this widget is a scrollable view with a flexible SliverAppBar containing a TabBar in the header (built by headerSliverBuilder, and with a TabBarView in the body, such that the scrollable view's contents vary based on which tab is visible.

Motivation

In a normal ScrollView, there is one set of slivers (the components of the scrolling view). If one of those slivers hosted a TabBarView which scrolls in the opposite direction (e.g. allowing the user to swipe horizontally between the pages represented by the tabs, while the list scrolls vertically), then any list inside that TabBarView would not interact with the outer ScrollView. For example, flinging the inner list to scroll to the top would not cause a collapsed SliverAppBar in the outer ScrollView to expand.

NestedScrollView solves this problem by providing custom ScrollControllers for the outer ScrollView and the inner ScrollViews (those inside the TabBarView, hooking them together so that they appear, to the user, as one coherent scroll view.

This example shows a NestedScrollView whose header is the combination of a TabBar in a SliverAppBar and whose body is a TabBarView. It uses a SliverOverlapAbsorber/SliverOverlapInjector pair to make the inner lists align correctly, and it uses SafeArea to avoid any horizontal disturbances (e.g. the "notch" on iOS when the phone is horizontal). In addition, PageStorageKeys are used to remember the scroll position of each tab's list.

To create a local project with this code sample, run:
flutter create --sample=widgets.NestedScrollView.1 mysample

SliverAppBars with NestedScrollViews

Using a SliverAppBar in the outer scroll view, or headerSliverBuilder, of a NestedScrollView may require special configurations in order to work as it would if the outer and inner were one single scroll view, like a CustomScrollView.

Pinned SliverAppBars

A pinned SliverAppBar works in a NestedScrollView exactly as it would in another scroll view, like CustomScrollView. When using SliverAppBar.pinned, the app bar remains visible at the top of the scroll view. The app bar can still expand and contract as the user scrolls, but it will remain visible rather than being scrolled out of view.

This works naturally in a NestedScrollView, as the pinned SliverAppBar is not expected to move in or out of the visible portion of the viewport. As the inner or outer Scrollables are moved, the app bar persists as expected.

If the app bar is floating, pinned, and using an expanded height, follow the floating convention laid out below.

Floating SliverAppBars

When placed in the outer scrollable, or the headerSliverBuilder, a SliverAppBar that floats, using SliverAppBar.floating will not be triggered to float over the inner scroll view, or body, automatically.

This is because a floating app bar uses the scroll offset of its own Scrollable to dictate the floating action. Being two separate inner and outer Scrollables, a SliverAppBar in the outer header is not aware of changes in the scroll offset of the inner body.

In order to float the outer, use NestedScrollView.floatHeaderSlivers. When set to true, the nested scrolling coordinator will prioritize floating in the header slivers before applying the remaining drag to the body.

Furthermore, the floatHeaderSlivers flag should also be used when using an app bar that is floating, pinned, and has an expanded height. In this configuration, the flexible space of the app bar will open and collapse, while the primary portion of the app bar remains pinned.

This simple example shows a NestedScrollView whose header contains a floating SliverAppBar. By using the floatHeaderSlivers property, the floating behavior is coordinated between the outer and inner Scrollables, so it behaves as it would in a single scrollable.

To create a local project with this code sample, run:
flutter create --sample=widgets.NestedScrollView.2 mysample

Snapping SliverAppBars

Floating SliverAppBars also have the option to perform a snapping animation. If SliverAppBar.snap is true, then a scroll that exposes the floating app bar will trigger an animation that slides the entire app bar into view. Similarly if a scroll dismisses the app bar, the animation will slide the app bar completely out of view.

It is possible with a NestedScrollView to perform just the snapping animation without floating the app bar in and out. By not using the NestedScrollView.floatHeaderSlivers, the app bar will snap in and out without floating.

The SliverAppBar.snap animation should be used in conjunction with the SliverOverlapAbsorber and SliverOverlapInjector widgets when implemented in a NestedScrollView. These widgets take any overlapping behavior of the SliverAppBar in the header and redirect it to the SliverOverlapInjector in the body. If it is missing, then it is possible for the nested "inner" scroll view below to end up under the SliverAppBar even when the inner scroll view thinks it has not been scrolled.

This simple example shows a NestedScrollView whose header contains a snapping, floating SliverAppBar. Without setting any additional flags, e.g NestedScrollView.floatHeaderSlivers, the SliverAppBar will animate in and out without floating. The SliverOverlapAbsorber and SliverOverlapInjector maintain the proper alignment between the two separate scroll views.

To create a local project with this code sample, run:
flutter create --sample=widgets.NestedScrollView.3 mysample

Snapping and Floating SliverAppBars

Currently, NestedScrollView does not support simultaneously floating and snapping the outer scrollable, e.g. when using SliverAppBar.floating & SliverAppBar.snap at the same time.

Stretching SliverAppBars

Currently, NestedScrollView does not support stretching the outer scrollable, e.g. when using SliverAppBar.stretch.

Constructors

NestedScrollView({Key? key, ScrollController? controller, Axis scrollDirection = Axis.vertical, bool reverse = false, ScrollPhysics? physics, required NestedScrollViewHeaderSliversBuilder headerSliverBuilder, required Widget body, DragStartBehavior dragStartBehavior = DragStartBehavior.start, bool floatHeaderSlivers = false, Clip clipBehavior = Clip.hardEdge, String? restorationId, ScrollBehavior? scrollBehavior}): Creates a nested scroll view.
const

Properties

body → Widget: The widget to show inside the NestedScrollView.
final
clipBehavior → Clip: The content will be clipped (or not) according to this option.
final
controller → ScrollController?: An object that can be used to control the position to which the outer scroll view is scrolled.
final
dragStartBehavior → DragStartBehavior: Determines the way that drag start behavior is handled.
final
floatHeaderSlivers → bool: Whether or not the NestedScrollView's coordinator should prioritize the outer scrollable over the inner when scrolling back.
final
hashCode → int: The hash code for this object.
nonVirtual">@nonVirtualread-onlyinherited
headerSliverBuilder → NestedScrollViewHeaderSliversBuilder: A builder for any widgets that are to precede the inner scroll views (as given by body).
final
key → Key?: Controls how one widget replaces another widget in the tree.
finalinherited
physics → ScrollPhysics?: How the scroll view should respond to user input.
final
restorationId → String?: Restoration ID to save and restore the scroll offset of the scrollable.
final
reverse → bool: Whether the scroll view scrolls in the reading direction.
final
runtimeType → Type: A representation of the runtime type of the object.
read-onlyinherited
scrollBehavior → ScrollBehavior?: A ScrollBehavior that will be applied to this widget individually.
final
scrollDirection → Axis: The axis along which the scroll view scrolls.
final

Methods

createElement() → StatefulElement: Creates a StatefulElement to manage this widget's location in the tree.
inherited
createState() → NestedScrollViewState: Creates the mutable state for this widget at a given location in the tree.
override
debugDescribeChildren() → List<DiagnosticsNode>: Returns a list of DiagnosticsNode objects describing this node's children.
protected">@protectedinherited
debugFillProperties(DiagnosticPropertiesBuilder properties) → void: Add additional properties associated with the node.
inherited
noSuchMethod(Invocation invocation) → dynamic: Invoked when a non-existent method or property is accessed.
inherited
toDiagnosticsNode({String? name, DiagnosticsTreeStyle? style}) → DiagnosticsNode: Returns a debug representation of the object that is used by debugging tools and by DiagnosticsNode.toStringDeep.
inherited
toString({DiagnosticLevel minLevel = DiagnosticLevel.info}) → String: A string representation of this object.
inherited
toStringDeep({String prefixLineOne = '', String? prefixOtherLines, DiagnosticLevel minLevel = DiagnosticLevel.debug}) → String: Returns a string representation of this node and its descendants.
inherited
toStringShallow({String joiner = ', ', DiagnosticLevel minLevel = DiagnosticLevel.debug}) → String: Returns a one-line detailed description of the object.
inherited
toStringShort() → String: A short, textual description of this widget.
inherited

Operators

operator ==(Object other) → bool: The equality operator.
nonVirtual">@nonVirtualinherited

Static Methods

sliverOverlapAbsorberHandleFor(BuildContext context) → SliverOverlapAbsorberHandle: Returns the SliverOverlapAbsorberHandle of the nearest ancestor NestedScrollView.